Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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What stores information in a cell?
a. | proteins | b. | carbohydrates | c. | lipids | d. | DNA |
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2.
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In what way is DNA like a book?
a. | DNA has information organized with an kind of index. | b. | DNA has stored
information, that can be copied and passed on. | c. | DNA has information wrapped in an identifying
cover. | d. | DNA has information that is periodically updated. |
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Figure
12–2
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3.
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Figure 12–2 shows the structure of
a. | a DNA molecule. | b. | an amino acid. | c. | a RNA
molecule. | d. | a protein. |
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4.
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Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
a. | adenine + phosphate group + thymine | b. | cytosine + phosphate group +
guanine | c. | deoxyribose + phosphate group + polymerase | d. | deoxyribose +
phosphate group + cytosine |
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5.
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Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of
a. | adenine molecules in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine
molecules. | b. | thymine molecules in DNA is about equal to the percentage of adenine
molecules | c. | adenine molecules in DNA is much greater than the percentage of thymine
molecules. | d. | cytosine molecules in DNA is much greater than the percentage of guanine
molecules. |
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6.
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Which two bases pair together in DNA?
a. | adenine and guanine | c. | thymine and cytosine | b. | guanine and thymine | d. | cytosine and
guanine |
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7.
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The table in Figure 12–4 shows the percentages of bases in a DNA sample.
How much Thymine should you expect to find in the sample?
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8.
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What would happen to the percentage of G in Figure 12–4 if the percentage
of A rose to 25%?
a. | G would drop to 19% | b. | G would drop to 25% | c. | G would rise to
29% | d. | G would rise to 32% |
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9.
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Which of the following forms a base pair with thymine?
a. | deoxyribose | b. | adenine | c. | guanine | d. | cytosine |
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10.
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During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand
with the bases
a. | TCGAAC. | b. | GATCCA. | c. | AGCTTG. | d. | GAUCCA. |
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 Figure
12–5
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11.
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In Figure 12–5, what nucleotide is going to be added at point 1, opposite
from thymine?
a. | adenine | b. | thymine | c. | cytosine | d. | guanine |
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12.
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RNA contains the sugar
a. | ribose. | b. | deoxyribose. | c. | glucose. | d. | lactose. |
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13.
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Unlike DNA, RNA contains
a. | adenine. | b. | uracil. | c. | phosphate
groups. | d. | thymine. |
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14.
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Which nucleotide in Figure 13–1 indicates the nucleic acid above is
RNA?
a. | uracil | c. | cytosine | b. | guanine | d. | adenine |
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15.
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Which type of RNA brings the information in the genetic code from the nucleus to
other parts of the cell?
a. | rRNA | c. | mRNA | b. | tRNA | d. | RNA polymerase |
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16.
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From which molecules are mRNA molecules transcribed?
a. | tRNA | c. | DNA | b. | rRNA | d. | proteins |
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17.
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What happens during translation?
a. | Messenger RNA is made from a DNA code. | b. | The cell uses a messenger RNA code to make
proteins. | c. | Transfer RNA is made from a messenger RNA code. | d. | Copies of DNA
molecules are made. |
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18.
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Which is the correct sequence of the transfer of information in most
organisms?
a. | protein to DNA to RNA | c. | DNA to RNA to protein | b. | RNA to DNA to
protein | d. | RNA to protein to
DNA |
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19.
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The genetic code is always read
a. | 3 bases at a time in the same direction. | c. | 3 bases at a time and the direction
varies. | b. | 4 bases at a time in the same direction. | d. | 4 bases at a time and the direction
varies. |
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Modified True/False
Indicate
whether the statement is true or false. If false, change the identified word or phrase to make the
statement true.
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20.
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DNA is a nucleic acid made up of nucleosomes joined into long strands or
chains by covalent bonds. _________________________
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21.
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The three parts of a DNA nucleotide are the phosphate group, deoxyribose, and
the base. _________________________
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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Figure
12–2
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22.
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The structure labeled X in Figure 12–2 is a(an) _________________________.
HINT: The whole structure inside the circle
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Figure
12–7
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23.
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The matching strand to the one in Figure 12–7, reading from the bottom up,
would be _________________________.
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24.
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The Watson and Crick model of DNA is a(an) _________________________, in which
two strands are wound around each other.
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25.
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_________________________ are weak bonds that hold the two strands of DNA
together, but also allow the DNA to separate and replicate.
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Short Answer
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Figure
12–9
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26.
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Identify the three main components in the nucleotides shown in Figure
12–9.
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Figure
13–6
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27.
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What is molecule B in Figure 13–6, and what is its function?
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Bonus
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28.
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Describe the process of Protein synthesis from DNA to its final product.
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